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In our manuscript, we investigate diverse approaches and methodologies proposed by researchers and scientists. Our analysis encompasses supply chain management, vendor management, and healthcare systems. Specifically, we delve into Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) within IM, exploring its implications. Additionally, we aim to present literature on fuzzy theory, including discussions about triangular and trapezoidal fuzzy sets. Recognizing that classical theory grapples with uncertainty, we underscore the significance of comprehending fuzzy theory through relevant scholarly works.
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