Open Access Research Article

Opportunistic Maintenance Modeling in a Closed-Loop Supply Chain: The Impact of Spare Parts Material, Technician Skill, and Environmental Conditions

Authors

Mahnam Najafi * Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
Hiva Faroughi Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.48313/scodm.v2i4.47

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Abstract

Opportunistic Maintenance (OM) is one of the key approaches for optimizing maintenance operations in Closed-Loop Supply Chains (CLSC), which leverages the repair and recovery of spare parts to reduce costs and improve reliability. In this paper, a new OM model is proposed that, in addition to classical factors such as component age and economic and structural dependencies, incorporates spare-part material type, technician skill level, and environmental conditions into maintenance decision-making. The material of spare parts directly affects their failure rate and service life, while technician skill enhances repair quality and post-repair lifetime. Moreover, environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity alter the degradation rate of components. Preliminary results and conceptual analyses indicate that the proposed model can reduce costs, improve the overall performance of the closed-loop supply chain, and enhance the reliability of repaired components.

Keywords

Opportunistic maintenance Spare parts Structural dependency Closed-loop supply chain Reliability

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Published 2025-12-19
Issue Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Supply Chain and Operations Decision Making
Section Articles
Document Type Research Article
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How to Cite

Najafi, M. ., & Faroughi, H. . (2025). Opportunistic Maintenance Modeling in a Closed-Loop Supply Chain: The Impact of Spare Parts Material, Technician Skill, and Environmental Conditions. Supply Chain and Operations Decision Making, 2(4), 243-260. https://doi.org/10.48313/scodm.v2i4.47

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